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Napster
Napster was the name given to two music-focused online services. It was originally founded as a pioneering peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing Internet service that emphasized sharing audio files, typically music, encoded in MP3 format. The original company ran into legal difficulties over copyright infringement, ceased operations and was eventually acquired by Roxio. In its second incarnation Napster became an online music store until it was acquired by Rhapsody from Best Buy on December 1, 2011.
Later companies and projects successfully followed its P2P file sharing example such as Gnutella, Freenet, Kazaa, and many others. Some services, like LimeWire, Scour, Grokster, Madster, and eDonkey2000, were brought down or changed due to similar circumstances.
==Origin==
Napster was co-founded by Shawn Fanning, John Fanning, and Sean Parker.〔Pollack, Neal. (Spotify Is the Coolest Music Service You Can't Use ). ''Wired''. December 27, 2010.〕〔Schonfeld, Erick. (Shawn Fanning And Sean Parker Talk About Airtime And "Smashing People Together" ). ''TechCrunch''. October 6, 2011.〕〔Rosen, Ellen. (Student's Start-Up Draws Attention and $13 Million ). ''The New York Times''. May 26, 2005.〕〔Bradshaw, Tim. (Spotify-MOG battle heats up ). ''Financial Times''. February 28, 2010.〕〔Emerson, Ramona. (Sean Parker At Web 2.0 Summit Defends 'Creepy' Facebook ). ''The Huffington Post''. October 18, 2011.〕〔Simon, Dan. (Internet pioneer Sean Parker: 'I'm blazing a new path' ). ''CNN''. September 27, 2011.〕 Initially, Napster was envisioned as an independent peer-to-peer file sharing service. The service operated between June 1999 and July 2001.〔(Napster's High and Low Notes ) – Businessweek – August 14, 2000〕 Its technology allowed people to easily share their MP3 files with other participants.〔
*〕 Although the original service was shut down by court order, the Napster brand survived after the company's assets were liquidated and purchased by other companies through bankruptcy proceedings.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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